Name	NOD2
Full Name	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
Synonyms	Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15, Inflammatory bowel disease protein 1 \| CARD15, IBD1
Primary ID	Q9HC29
Links	- -
Type	protein
Relations	10
Function	Involved in gastrointestinal immunity. Upon stimulation by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, binds the proximal adapter receptor-interacting RIPK2, which recruits ubiquitin ligases as XIAP, BIRC2, BIRC3, INAVA and the LUBAC complex, triggering activation of MAP kinases and activation of NF-kappa-B signaling. This in turn leads to the transcriptional activation of hundreds of genes involved in immune response. Required for MDP-induced NLRP1-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B release in macrophages (PubMed:18511561). Component of an autophagy-mediated antibacterial pathway together with ATG16L1 (PubMed:20637199). Plays also a role in sensing single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) from viruses. Interacts with mitochondrial antiviral signaling/MAVS, leading to activation of interferon regulatory factor-3/IRF3 and expression of type I interferon (PubMed:19701189).