Summary

Name MUL1
Full Name Mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase activator of NFKB 1
Synonyms E3 SUMO-protein ligase MUL1, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MUL1, Growth inhibition and death E3 ligase, Mitochondrial-anchored protein ligase, MAPL, Putative NF-kappa-B-activating protein 266, RING finger protein 218, RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase NFKB 1 | C1orf166, GIDE, MAPL, MULAN, RNF218
Primary ID Q969V5
Links - -
Type protein
Relations 8
Function Exhibits weak E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity (PubMed:18591963, PubMed:19407830, PubMed:22410793). E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (PubMed:18591963, PubMed:19407830, PubMed:22410793). Can ubiquitinate AKT1 preferentially at 'Lys-284' involving 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and seems to be involved in regulation of Akt signaling by targeting phosphorylated Akt to proteosomal degradation (PubMed:22410793). Mediates polyubiquitination of cytoplasmic TP53 at 'Lys-24' which targets TP53 for proteasomal degradation, thus reducing TP53 levels in the cytoplasm and mitochondrion (PubMed:21597459). Proposed to preferentially act as a SUMO E3 ligase at physiological concentrations (PubMed:19407830). Plays a role in the control of mitochondrial morphology by promoting mitochondrial fragmentation, and influences mitochondrial localization (PubMed:19407830, PubMed:18207745, PubMed:18213395). Likely to promote mitochondrial fission through negatively regulating the mitochondrial fusion proteins MFN1 and MFN2, acting in a pathway that is parallel to the PRKN/PINK1 regulatory pathway (PubMed:24898855). May also be involved in the sumoylation of the membrane fission protein DNM1L (PubMed:18207745, PubMed:19407830). Inhibits cell growth (PubMed:18591963, PubMed:22410793). When overexpressed, activates JNK through MAP3K7/TAK1 and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis (PubMed:23399697). Involved in the modulation of innate immune defense against viruses by inhibiting DDX58-dependent antiviral response (PubMed:23399697). Can mediate DDX58 sumoylation and disrupt its polyubiquitination (PubMed:23399697).

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▶Modifications Tables

Relations

Regulator Mechanism target score ℹ
+ MUL1up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png ubiquitination STING1
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ MUL1down-regulates quantity by destabilization img/direct_inhibition.png ubiquitination AKT1 0.486
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ MUL1down-regulates quantity by destabilization img/direct_inhibition.png ubiquitination AKT 0.486
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ MUL1up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png sumoylation DNM1L 0.548
Publications: 3 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ Ub:E2up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png ubiquitination MUL1 0.2
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ MUL1down-regulates quantity img/direct_inhibition.png ubiquitination ULK1
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens