4.0
Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation
Pathway ID: SIGNOR-FABO
Description: β-Oxidation of fatty acids is a mitochondrial catabolic pathway in which long-chain acyl-CoA molecules are progressively degraded into acetyl-CoA units. Once inside the mitochondrial matrix, the acyl-CoA undergoes a repetitive sequence of four enzymatic reactions: an initial dehydrogenation by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase generates a trans-Δ²-enoyl-CoA and produces FADH₂; hydration of the double bond by enoyl-CoA hydratase yields L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA; a second dehydrogenation catalyzed by L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase forms 3-ketoacyl-CoA and produces NADH; finally, thiolytic cleavage by β-ketothiolase releases one molecule of acetyl-CoA and a shortened acyl-CoA that immediately re-enters the cycle. Through repeated cycling, the entire fatty acid chain is successively converted into acetyl-CoA, while the generated NADH and FADH₂ feed the electron transport chain, making β-oxidation a major contributor to cellular ATP production.
Curated by: Marta Iannuccelli
Use SIGNOR Cytoscape App
Description: β-Oxidation of fatty acids is a mitochondrial catabolic pathway in which long-chain acyl-CoA molecules are progressively degraded into acetyl-CoA units. Once inside the mitochondrial matrix, the acyl-CoA undergoes a repetitive sequence of four enzymatic reactions: an initial dehydrogenation by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase generates a trans-Δ²-enoyl-CoA and produces FADH₂; hydration of the double bond by enoyl-CoA hydratase yields L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA; a second dehydrogenation catalyzed by L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase forms 3-ketoacyl-CoA and produces NADH; finally, thiolytic cleavage by β-ketothiolase releases one molecule of acetyl-CoA and a shortened acyl-CoA that immediately re-enters the cycle. Through repeated cycling, the entire fatty acid chain is successively converted into acetyl-CoA, while the generated NADH and FADH₂ feed the electron transport chain, making β-oxidation a major contributor to cellular ATP production.
Curated by: Marta Iannuccelli
Use SIGNOR Cytoscape App
