Summary

Name CDK9
Full Name Cyclin-dependent kinase 9
Synonyms C-2K, Cell division cycle 2-like protein kinase 4, Cell division protein kinase 9, Serine/threonine-protein kinase PITALRE, Tat-associated kinase complex catalytic subunit | CDC2L4, TAK
Primary ID P50750
Links - -
Type protein
Relations 70
Inhibitors 4-(2-methyl-3-propan-2-yl-4-imidazolyl)-N-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-2-pyrimidinamine; alvocidib hydrochloride; N-[6,6-dimethyl-5-[(1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)-oxomethyl]-1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-3-yl]-3-methylbutanamide; alvocidib; 4-(2,6-dichlorobenzamido)-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-pyrazole-3-carboxamide; Dinaciclib; PHA-767491; N-(5-{[(5-tert-butyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidine-4-carboxamide
Function Protein kinase involved in the regulation of transcription (PubMed:10574912, PubMed:10757782, PubMed:11145967, PubMed:11575923, PubMed:11809800, PubMed:11884399, PubMed:14701750, PubMed:16109376, PubMed:16109377, PubMed:20930849, PubMed:28426094). Member of the cyclin-dependent kinase pair (CDK9/cyclin-T) complex, also called positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which facilitates the transition from abortive to productive elongation by phosphorylating the CTD (C-terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) POLR2A, SUPT5H and RDBP (PubMed:10574912, PubMed:10757782, PubMed:11145967, PubMed:11575923, PubMed:11809800, PubMed:11884399, PubMed:14701750, PubMed:16109376, PubMed:16109377, PubMed:20930849, PubMed:28426094). This complex is inactive when in the 7SK snRNP complex form (PubMed:10574912, PubMed:10757782, PubMed:11145967, PubMed:11575923, PubMed:11809800, PubMed:11884399, PubMed:14701750, PubMed:16109376, PubMed:16109377, PubMed:20930849, PubMed:28426094). Phosphorylates EP300, MYOD1, RPB1/POLR2A and AR and the negative elongation factors DSIF and NELF (PubMed:9857195, PubMed:10912001, PubMed:11112772, PubMed:12037670, PubMed:20081228, PubMed:20980437, PubMed:21127351). Regulates cytokine inducible transcription networks by facilitating promoter recognition of target transcription factors (e.g. TNF-inducible RELA/p65 activation and IL-6-inducible STAT3 signaling) (PubMed:17956865, PubMed:18362169). Promotes RNA synthesis in genetic programs for cell growth, differentiation and viral pathogenesis (PubMed:10393184, PubMed:11112772). P-TEFb is also involved in cotranscriptional histone modification, mRNA processing and mRNA export (PubMed:15564463, PubMed:19575011, PubMed:19844166). Modulates a complex network of chromatin modifications including histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1), H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and H3K36me3; integrates phosphorylation during transcription with chromatin modifications to control co-transcriptional histone mRNA processing (PubMed:15564463, PubMed:19575011, PubMed:19844166). The CDK9/cyclin-K complex has also a kinase activity towards CTD of RNAP II and can substitute for CDK9/cyclin-T P-TEFb in vitro (PubMed:21127351). Replication stress response protein; the CDK9/cyclin-K complex is required for genome integrity maintenance, by promoting cell cycle recovery from replication arrest and limiting single-stranded DNA amount in response to replication stress, thus reducing the breakdown of stalled replication forks and avoiding DNA damage (PubMed:20493174). In addition, probable function in DNA repair of isoform 2 via interaction with KU70/XRCC6 (PubMed:20493174). Promotes cardiac myocyte enlargement (PubMed:20081228). RPB1/POLR2A phosphorylation on 'Ser-2' in CTD activates transcription (PubMed:21127351). AR phosphorylation modulates AR transcription factor promoter selectivity and cell growth. DSIF and NELF phosphorylation promotes transcription by inhibiting their negative effect (PubMed:9857195, PubMed:10912001, PubMed:11112772). The phosphorylation of MYOD1 enhances its transcriptional activity and thus promotes muscle differentiation (PubMed:12037670).

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Modifications Tables

Relations

Regulator Mechanism target score
+ up-regulates img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation POLR2A 0.77
Publications: 24 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates img/direct-activation.png dephosphorylation CDK9 0.2
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates img/direct-activation.png dephosphorylation CDK9 0.2
Publications: 2 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation SMAD1 0.325
Publications: 5 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation POLR2A 0.77
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by destabilization img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation SMAD1 0.325
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates activity img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation SMAD3 0.607
Publications: 2 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation RCHY1 0.473
Publications: 2 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation SMAD3 0.607
Publications: 2 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation TP53 0.551
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ img/unknown.png phosphorylation TP53 0.551
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates quantity by stabilization img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation TP53 0.551
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation TP53 0.551
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation NCOA2 0.248
Publications: 4 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates activity img/direct_inhibition.png dephosphorylation CDK9 0.508
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ img/unknown.png dephosphorylation CDK9 0.382
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation XRN2 0.282
Publications: 1 Organism: In Vitro
+ up-regulates img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation SUPT5H 0.769
Publications: 7 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation CDK9 0.3
Publications: 1 Organism: In Vitro
+ form complex img/form-complex.png binding P-TEFb 0.964
Publications: 1 Organism: In Vitro
+ up-regulates quantity by expression img/indirect-activation.png transcriptional regulation HES1 0.2
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates activity img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: In Vitro
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by destabilization img/direct_inhibition.png polyubiquitination CDK9 0.356
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png chemical inhibition CDK9 0.8
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens