| + |
EIF2AK1 | up-regulates 
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.886 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-24539 |
Ser49 |
IEGMILLsELSRRRI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 3352609 |
The wild-type and ser-48 mutant proteins became extensively phosphorylated by eif-2 kinases present in the reticulocyte lysate. These findings support the hypothesis that the serine 48 residue is required for high-affinity interaction between eif2 alpha(p) and eif2b. |
|
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-72152 |
Ser49 |
IEGMILLsELSRRRI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 10563826 |
The wild-type and ser-48 mutant proteins became extensively phosphorylated by eif-2 kinases present in the reticulocyte lysate. These findings support the hypothesis that the serine 48 residue is required for high-affinity interaction between eif2 alpha(p) and eif2b. |
|
| Publications: |
2 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2AK4 | down-regulates activity 
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.912 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-246157 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 32513922 |
Translation initiation factor 2α [eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)] kinase phosphorylates serine51 (Ser51) of eIF2α and downregulates cellular protein synthesis. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2AK3 | down-regulates activity
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.757 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-246153 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 30070006 |
The integrated stress response is characterized by the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) on serine 51 by one out of four specific kinases (EIF2AK1 to 4) |
|
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-260874 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 25660019 |
We now demonstrate a major role for Rheb in inhibiting protein synthesis by enhancing the phosphorylation of eIF2α by protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK). |
|
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-260165 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 31226023 |
Activated PERK phosphorylates the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), which inhibits the conversion of inactive GDP-bound eIF2α back to the active GTP-bound form, thereby suppressing translation initiation. |
|
| Publications: |
3 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
| + |
EIF2AK3 | down-regulates
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.757 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-159160 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 17998206 |
The endoplasmic reticulum (er)-resident protein kinase perk attenuates protein synthesis in response to er stress through the phosphorylation of translation initiation factor eif2_ at serine 51 / a modification that blocks initiation |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
| + |
EIF2AK1 | down-regulates
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.886 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-83226 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 11041858 |
The wild-type and ser-48 mutant proteins became extensively phosphorylated by eif-2 kinases . The ser-51 mutant showed little covalent modification by the endogenous enzymes. Phosphorylation of the serine 51 residue in the alpha-subunit of translational initiation factor 2 in eukaryotes (eif2 alpha) impairs protein synthesis presumably by sequestering eif2b, a rate-limiting pentameric guanine nucleotide exchange protein which catalyzes the exchange of gtp for gdp in the eif2-gdp binary complex |
|
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-24543 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 3352609 |
The wild-type and ser-48 mutant proteins became extensively phosphorylated by eif-2 kinases . The ser-51 mutant showed little covalent modification by the endogenous enzymes. Phosphorylation of the serine 51 residue in the alpha-subunit of translational initiation factor 2 in eukaryotes (eif2 alpha) impairs protein synthesis presumably by sequestering eif2b, a rate-limiting pentameric guanine nucleotide exchange protein which catalyzes the exchange of gtp for gdp in the eif2-gdp binary complex |
|
| Publications: |
2 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
THAP12 |
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.2 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-249029 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
in vitro |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 10542257 |
The mammalian kinases PKR and HRI and the yeast kinase GCN2 specifically phosphorylate Ser-51 on the alpha subunit of the translation initiation factor eIF2. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
In Vitro |
| + |
PRKCD |
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.315 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-248853 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
in vitro |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 1677563 |
Of four other protein kinases tested only protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylated P(45-56), with complete dependence on phosphatidylserine. Only the residue corresponding to serine-51 in eIF-2 alpha was phosphorylated by HCR, dsI or PKC. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
In Vitro |
| + |
EIF2AK2 | down-regulates
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.717 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-140656 |
Ser52 |
MILLSELsRRRIRSI |
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 16179259 |
The antiviral protein kinase pkr inhibits protein synthesis by phosphorylating the translation initiation factor eif2alpha on ser51the protein kinases pkr, hri, perk, and gcn2 specifically phosphorylate ser51 on the _ subunit of the translation initiation factor eif2, a gtp binding protein that delivers the initiator methionyl-trna to the small ribosomal subunit in the first step of translation initiation. Phosphorylation of eif2_ converts eif2 from a substrate to an inhibitor of its gdp-gtp exchange factor eif2b, thereby blocking protein synthesis |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, SARS-CoV STRESS GRANULES, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
| + |
EIF2S1 | up-regulates 
|
Protein_synthesis |
0.7 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-260625 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 11381086 |
Translation initiation is inhibited in cells exposed to different stressful conditions. The phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) plays an important role in this stereotyped response, and is mediated by distinct kinases that are activated by specific stress signals. When phosphorylated on serine 51, eIF2α binds to and inhibits the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, eIF2B. The latter is required for the formation of the eukaryotic translational preinitiation complexes, and its sequestration in an inactive complex with phosphorylated eIF2α inhibits the initiation step of protein synthesis. |
|
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-260166 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 31226023 |
Activated PERK phosphorylates the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), which inhibits the conversion of inactive GDP-bound eIF2α back to the active GTP-bound form, thereby suppressing translation initiation.The resulting global attenuation of protein synthesis reduces the ER protein influx and allows the ER to reprogram for preferential expression of UPR genes. |
|
| Publications: |
2 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, Initiation of Translation, SARS-CoV STRESS GRANULES, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
| + |
EIF2S1 | up-regulates quantity by expression
transcriptional regulation
|
HBG2 |
0.2 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-251818 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 24714526 |
Reduction of globin inclusions and induction of ATF4 and HbF by the HRI-eIF2αP signaling provide strong bases for targeting this pathway for novel pharmaceutical therapy of hemoglobinopathy. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2B2 | up-regulates activity
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
|
EIF2S1 |
0.794 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-269125 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 15054402 |
EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2AK1 | down-regulates activity
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.886 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-251817 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 24714526 |
HRI is an intracellular heme sensor that coordinates heme and globin synthesis in erythropoiesis by inhibiting protein synthesis of globins and heme biosynthetic enzymes during heme deficiency. HRI is a heme-regulated kinase that phosphorylates the α-subunit of eIF2 in heme deficiency, impairing another round of translational initiation and thereby inhibiting translation. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2B5 | up-regulates activity
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
|
EIF2S1 |
0.834 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-269123 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 15054402 |
EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2S1 | up-regulates quantity by expression
transcriptional regulation
|
ATF4 |
0.627 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-251820 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 24714526 |
Reduction of globin inclusions and induction of ATF4 and HbF by the HRI-eIF2αP signaling provide strong bases for targeting this pathway for novel pharmaceutical therapy of hemoglobinopathy. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
| + |
EIF2S1 | down-regulates quantity
transcriptional regulation
|
ATF4 |
0.627 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-260169 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 27629041 |
ER stress, viral infection, and other cellular stress signals activate PERK, PKR, HRI, and GCN2 kinases that converge on phosphorylation of eIF2alpha, the core of ISR. This leads to global attenuation of Cap Âdependent translation while concomitantly initiates the preferential translation of ISR Âspecific mRNAs, such as ATF4. ATF4 is the main effector of the ISR. eIF2alpha phosphorylation causes a reduction in global protein synthesis while allowing the translation of selected genes including activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), aiding cell survival and recovery |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
| + |
BZW2 | up-regulates activity
binding
|
EIF2S1 |
0.255 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-261220 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 31643092 |
BZW2, as an evolutionary highly conserved protein, interacts with eIF2 and eIF3 and promotes ternary complex formation in vitro |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2S1 | up-regulates quantity by expression
transcriptional regulation
|
HBG1 |
0.2 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-251819 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 24714526 |
Reduction of globin inclusions and induction of ATF4 and HbF by the HRI-eIF2αP signaling provide strong bases for targeting this pathway for novel pharmaceutical therapy of hemoglobinopathy. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
CELF1 | up-regulates activity
binding
|
EIF2S1 |
0.253 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-262736 |
|
|
Mus musculus |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 16931514 |
These studies showed that both the increased levels of CUGBP1 and cdk4-mediated hyper-phosphorylation of CUGBP1 are involved in the age-associated induction of the CUGBP1-eIF2 complex. The CUGBP1-eIF2 complex is bound to C/EBPbeta mRNA in the liver of old animals, and this binding correlates with the increased amounts of liver-enriched activator protein and liver-enriched inhibitory protein. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Mus Musculus |
| Tissue: |
Liver |
| + |
PPP1CC | up-regulates activity
dephosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.422 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-254119 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 27629041 |
Dephosphorylation of eIF2α is central to ISR signal termination to restore protein synthesis and normal cell functioning. It is mediated by protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complex that recruits a PP1 catalytic subunit (PP1c) and one of the two regulatory subunits. In mammals, phosphatase activity is regulated by either PPP1R15A (also known as growth arrest and DNA damageâ€inducible protein, GADD34), which is induced as part of the ISR. the GADD34–PP1 complex acts as an important negative feedback loop to restore protein synthesis once the ER stress has been resolved, and as such aids in cell survival |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
| + |
EIF2B3 | up-regulates activity
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
|
EIF2S1 |
0.827 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-269126 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 15054402 |
EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2S1 | form complex 
binding
|
Ternary_GTP_eIF2_tRNA_complex |
0.944 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-269114 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 32955564 |
In eukaryotes, translation initiation generally occurs by a cap-dependent scanning mechanism, wherein the small (40S) subunit of the ribosome recruits methionyl initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) in a ternary complex (TC) with GTP-bound eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), in a reaction stimulated by factors eIF1, eIF1A and eIF3. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | Initiation of Translation |
| + |
EIF2B1 | up-regulates activity
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
|
EIF2S1 |
0.823 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-269124 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 15054402 |
EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | Initiation of Translation |
| + |
EIF2B4 | up-regulates activity
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
|
EIF2S1 |
0.864 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-269127 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 15054402 |
EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| + |
EIF2AK2 | down-regulates activity
phosphorylation
|
EIF2S1 |
0.717 |
| Identifier |
Residue |
Sequence |
Organism |
Cell Line |
| SIGNOR-260168 |
|
|
Homo sapiens |
|
| pmid |
sentence |
| 31226023 |
Besides PERK, eIF2α can also be phosphorylated by three other kinases: heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI), general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2), and PKR. PKR is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) activated by binding of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a common intermediate during the replication of DNA and RNA viruses. Together, these four eIF2α kinases and their convergent downstream signaling pathways are known as the integrated stress response (ISR) |
|
| Publications: |
1 |
Organism: |
Homo Sapiens |
| Pathways: | COVID-19 Causal Network, SARS-CoV STRESS GRANULES, SARS-CoV ER STRESS |
3.0
EIF2S1
- 
- 