Summary

Name EZH2
Full Name Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2
Synonyms ENX-1, Enhancer of zeste homolog 2, Lysine N-methyltransferase 6 | KMT6
Primary ID Q15910
Links - -
Type protein
Relations 26
Pathways Acute Myeloid Leukemia, ASXL1 in AML, P38 Signaling and Myogenesis, Prostate Cancer
Function Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Able to mono-, di- and trimethylate 'Lys-27' of histone H3 to form H3K27me1, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3, respectively. Displays a preference for substrates with less methylation, loses activity when progressively more methyl groups are incorporated into H3K27, H3K27me0 > H3K27me1 > H3K27me2 (PubMed:22323599, PubMed:30923826). Compared to EZH1-containing complexes, it is more abundant in embryonic stem cells and plays a major role in forming H3K27me3, which is required for embryonic stem cell identity and proper differentiation. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1, CDKN2A and retinoic acid target genes. EZH2 can also methylate non-histone proteins such as the transcription factor GATA4 and the nuclear receptor RORA. Regulates the circadian clock via histone methylation at the promoter of the circadian genes. Essential for the CRY1/2-mediated repression of the transcriptional activation of PER1/2 by the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer; involved in the di and trimethylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 on PER1/2 promoters which is necessary for the CRY1/2 proteins to inhibit transcription.

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Modifications Tables

Relations

Regulator Mechanism target score
+ down-regulates activity img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation EZH2 0.62
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:P38 Signaling and Myogenesis
+ down-regulates activity img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation EZH2 0.2
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:Acute Myeloid Leukemia, ASXL1 in AML, Prostate Cancer
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation EZH2 0.597
Publications: 2 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:Acute Myeloid Leukemia
+ down-regulates quantity by destabilization img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation EZH2 0.385
Publications: 1 Organism: Mus Musculus
Pathways:P38 Signaling and Myogenesis
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation EZH2 0.569
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png phosphorylation EZH2 0.556
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:Acute Myeloid Leukemia
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/direct_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation HOXA9 0.41
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:Acute Myeloid Leukemia, ASXL1 in AML
+ down-regulates activity img/direct_inhibition.png palmitoylation EZH2 0.2
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png phosphorylation EZH2 0.385
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:P38 Signaling and Myogenesis
+ form complex img/form-complex.png binding Polycomb repressive complex 2 0.91
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/direct_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation HOXA10 0.451
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates quantity by expression img/indirect-activation.png transcriptional regulation EZH2 0.351
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:Prostate Cancer
+ down-regulates activity img/indirect_inhibition.png Skeletal_muscle_differentiation 0.7
Publications: 1 Organism: Mus Musculus
Pathways:P38 Signaling and Myogenesis
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/indirect_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation SNAI2 0.508
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/indirect_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation ALDH1A1 0.406
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ form complex img/form-complex.png binding SUZ12/EZH2 0.96
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by destabilization img/direct_inhibition.png ubiquitination EZH2 0.505
Publications: 1 Organism: Mus Musculus
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/indirect_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation TWIST1 0.34
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:Acute Myeloid Leukemia
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png binding EZH2 0.368
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/indirect_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation EZH2 0.388
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates img/direct_inhibition.png ubiquitination EZH2 0.383
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ up-regulates activity img/direct-activation.png binding AR 0.562
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
Pathways:Prostate Cancer
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/indirect_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation SSTR1 0.2
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/indirect_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation HOXB13 0.42
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens
+ down-regulates quantity by repression img/indirect_inhibition.png transcriptional regulation DACT3 0.255
Publications: 1 Organism: Homo Sapiens